28The big question remains: will the proposed casino and/ or towers go ahead? Importantly, by declaring the project as a Significant Development the local planning Authority, The Gold Coast City Council, and significantly local communities (old players), were positioned as observers with no authority to input into the project other than decreed and regulated by the State Government (new player). Greater extraction and transport of these resources exacerbates the physical impacts associated with their exploitation. Shibley (2000). Given the population figures of the City and the number of dog owners, these beaches are highly valued by the users thereof. It challenges destination Gold Coast to move from a past ad hoc approach . (ed. Mayor Tate, backed by the newly elected Newman Liberal National Party State Government put out a call for expressions of interest to develop a range of tourist infrastructure including a casino, hotels and cruise ship terminal on the Spit (See SOSA, a). 14 important environmental impacts of tourism - Tourism Teacher The water running down the streams was so clear and perfect that some of my friends had suggested we drink some. For instance, Dekker. Notwithstanding, the Gold Coast City Councils planning regulations, nor the lengths to which previous National Party Government officials had defended the Spit against development, nor the fact that the Government had specifically set up the Gold Coast Harbours Authority as a local approach to the management of the Broadwater and Spit environs, on 15 September 2005 the Queensland Labor Government announced its intention of developing an international cruise ship terminal and related services on this valued and valuable piece of public open space. A member of Parliament at the time in support of the governments Spit development proposal argued that The Beattie Government has a duty to provide, amongst other things, economic stability and employment opportunities for the people of this State (Smith, 2006). The intent of this Paper was to produce an integrated and coordinated land use and management plan for the Gold Coast Broadwater (Whelan, 2006). Also, 77% agree that because of the growing tourism, new infrastructure were made while 72% agree that tourism resulted to additional interesting things to do. Land may also be cleared to obtain materials used to build tourism sites, such as wood. Creating a greener home is easier than you think. (ed.) Place values participate to city branding (come to surf to Kirra, whale season!, etc.). Interestingly, the Gold Coast circumstances also paralleled the emergence of an environmental prerogative in the interpretation and implementation of the Commonwealth Oceans Policy (Vince, 2008). Conflict in Urban Development, Aldershot, Ashgate. Others emphasise that conflicts frequently emerge as a result of change, and as meanings, values and attachments to places alter (Mitchell, 2011). Instead the augment put forward by the government was that the decision not to proceed was based on the cost to taxpayers; an economic, rationale not an environmental, nor a cultural, and certainly not a social or community rationale. For example, Taylor (1967) assumes the conflict in South East Queensland arose from the Aborigines seeking to control European resources, to share in the superabundance of goods and stock that had suddenly descended upon them. Type the characters you see in the image below, Catchment & Citizen Science Grants Program, Business incentives & investment programs, Copy of decision notice or plan of development, Development application pre-lodgement advice, Lodge a submission to have your say on a development application, Appealing a development application decision, Residential plumbing & drainage applications, Commercial plumbing & drainage applications, Concurrency plumbing & drainage applications, Stormwater and sediment control on building sites, Building development on cultural heritage sites, Tree & vegetation removal on private land, Tweed River Entrance Sand Bypassing Project, Queensland Department of Environment and Science. Likewise, coastal wetlands are often drained due to lack of more suitable sites. On the other hand, the new players, the European settlers, saw the region as one of plentiful resources, and good farming potential. Yachting : Tourism Development vs Coastal Protection? Clearly, it was also a reaction to the national governments latest recommendations, specifically regarding the Resource Assessment Commission Coastal Zone Inquiry (1993) and the release of Australias Oceans Policy in 1998, which was recognised as a milestone in marine resource management worldwide. The Power of Place: Urban Landscapes as Public History, Massachusetts, MIT Press. The Economic Impacts of Tourism on the Gold Coast [West, Guy, Bayne, Barbara] on Amazon.com.au. Visitor numbers to the Gold Coast are increasing but international tourists are staying shorter and are spending less. Positive environmental impacts can also be induced through the NEED for the environment. (1994). As an island-country where 85% of the population lives within 50 km of the coast (ABS, 2015), one could easily expect that Australia would be at the forefront of coastal planning, management and protection. Our beautiful beaches are one of our most precious natural assets for both residents and visitors as well as a major natural economic asset. ), opposed by the steady resistance of the old players (save our Spit!). Dovey, K. (1999) Framing Places: Mediating Power in the Built Form, London, Routledge. Whilst developing the Asian markets adds nice icing to the cake, the Gold Coast as a destination can only thrive if it has appeal to the domestic market. An uneasy coexistence: An Aboriginal perspective of contact history in Southeast Queensland, Aboriginal History, 18(2): 87-94. Ship groundings can scrape the bottom of the sea bed and kill the coral. (eds), Advancing Conflict Transformation. However, unlike other Australian cities, the City of Gold Coast emerged and grew as a tourist destination that reached a peak in the 1960s and continue to grow rapidly. Jenningss last fight to save the Spit was instigated in 1979 when the Queensland National/Liberal State Government, under the Premiership of Sir Jon Bjelke-Petersen (see Wear, 2002; Whitton, 1989), established the Gold Coast Waterways Authority to address tidal inundation and the impacts of storm surges in the Broadwater and the erosion of the Spit. Type the characters you see in the image below, Catchment & Citizen Science Grants Program, Business incentives & investment programs, Copy of decision notice or plan of development, Development application pre-lodgement advice, Lodge a submission to have your say on a development application, Appealing a development application decision, Residential plumbing & drainage applications, Commercial plumbing & drainage applications, Concurrency plumbing & drainage applications, Stormwater and sediment control on building sites, Building development on cultural heritage sites, Tree & vegetation removal on private land, City Plan: Coastal dune management policy, improve the health and function of the dune vegetation, improve the stability and resilience of the dunes. COMPLIANCE: We are a well-established independent licensed real estate agent and are not affiliated or associated with the on-site management of the resort or hotel. The good, bad and ugly sides to a holiday on Australia's Gold Coast CiteSeerX SOCIAL IMPACTS OF TOURISM ON THE GOLD COAST Dekker, A., Goverde, H., Makowski, T. and Ptaszynska-Woloczkowicz, M. (1992). Conflict, Change and Conflict Resolution, In Austin, B. Fischer, M., Giessmann, H. J. During this time the old players were the Aboriginal groups in the area, collectively known as the Yugambeh people, whose place values revolved around the land being sacred, rather than a resource to be exploited. Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement Requirements, A digital resources portal for the humanities and social sciences, https://doi.org/10.4000/etudescaribeennes.10496, 1. Spitfight, The Courier Mail, 08 April. Anderson, B. Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, first published 1932, Progress Publishers, Moscow. This is not surprising within the Australian national context as the federal government have historically left the responsibility of coastal zones to local government authorities to care for, manage and maintain. As a result, by the 1980s the Broadwater and the Spit were secured by the construction of groins, channel dredging and a sand bypass system. Such damage can be even more extensive when visitors frequently stray off established trails. Donning the social constructionist goggles allows us to observe the built and natural landscape as a social-spatial framework within which people, from different cultural, social and economic groups, interact and create a shared sense of place (Greider and Garkovich, 1994; Mangun, 2009). ), Urban Spaces and Cityscapes: Perspectives from modern and contemporary culture. Submission to the Parliament House, Committee on Climate Change, Water, Environment and the Arts, URL: . This may result in increased animals deaths, for example road-kill deaths. They have rallied, formed community groups, undertaken voluntary tree planting and encouraged councils and governments to see the place as the Gold Coasts Central Park. Safety issues relating to the use of seaway. We regularly collect data using: For the Beach Health Report, we split our coastline into 23 beach compartments. Gordon Holden (2011) writes: While having a strong sense of place may be seen as a lower priority than safe drinking water or sewerage systems for the health of a city it is widely accepted that a holistic approach to city planning includes encouraging a recognisable sense of place. We suggest that in this statement the Deputy Premier was casting local place attachment as an obstacle in the development process. The City of Gold Coast is a case in point and no more so than currently (2017) with proposals to build a cruise terminal or/and a casino, and high rise residential towers on its protected coastal strip (the Spit).This paper demonstrates how the evolution and resolution of development conflicts on the Spit (Gold Coast) are symptomatic of the evolution of place values and the national coastal management and how, this informs a shift towards coastal protection. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. Private land conservation Place as an integrating concept in natural resource politics: Propositions for a social science research agenda, Society and Natural Resources, 16: 87-104. Best recognises that the Yugambeh people, the traditional owners of much of South East Queensland, continue to fight a battle both social and environmental, to ensure that their cultural heritage is respected and not exploited (Best, 1994). The methodology to monitor changes and to establish biological carrying capacity is still unsophisticated. Oh, and follow me on social media! Solid waste and littering can degrade the physical appearance of the water and shoreline and cause the death of marine animals. Freimund, and J.M. Discover tips and programs that can help you live more sustainably. The outcome of the community consultation process however produced instead a strong picture of peoples dissatisfactions (Whelan, 2006). The Gold Coast in Australia is one of these coastal places, which developed through taking advantage of its environmental assets, such as direct access to the sea, a white sandy shoreline, an extensive and naturally protected broadwater and several large accessible rivers. The Gold Coast enjoys almost 300 days of sunshine per year that most people, particularly those who are coming from countries with cold winters, really find comfortable. If we analyze the history of the development of the Spit in relation to the conflicts cycle mentioned in the introduction, it appears that this site remains a major object of desire for any new players on the Gold Coast. Cambridge: Polity. Picturesque landscapes are often destroyed by tourism. The City of Gold Coast is a case in point and no more so than currently (2017) with proposals to build a cruise terminal or/and a casino, and high rise residential towers on its protected coastal strip (the Spit). Key markets include China, Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Europe, South East Asia, North America, and Gulf countries. At last, the cycle of conflicts seems, currently, to have stalled with the repetitive impetus of new players (develop the Spit! Work is carried out by specialist contractors and our internal natural areas dune crew. To provide effective opposition to the state government and its plans for the Southport Spit a consortium of community groups joined to form the Save Our Spit Alliance (SOSA). Carter, J., P. Dyer and B. Sharma (2007). Domestic tourism is steady with various ups and downs, depending on the visitor type. High rise hotels and buildings which are not in character with the surrounding architecture or landscape contribute to a lack of atheistic appeal. There are also many national parks, game reserves and conservation areas around the world that help to promote positive environmental impacts of tourism. The Issue Paper and public consultation associated with it was essentially about the making of places; viable places that were valued by new and old players alike. These new players, not surprisingly, reinforce the cycle of development conflict on the Gold Coast. Although there is only one marina owned by a yacht club (Southport Yacht Club), there are about twenty other privately owned marinas, slipways and boatyards within the jurisdiction of this unique city, which offers the proximity to two major airports, tourism attractions, theme parks and unique hinterland (Tenefrancia, 2016). Patrimoines naturels, socio-conomiques et culturels des territoires insulaires : quel avenir ? In part, by recognizing the importance of the coastline and its natural features, the debate has shifted slightly from a focus on economic to one that acknowledges some of the critical environmental issues related to coastal development and the local, national and global importance of coastal conservation. Much of our coastline is highly urbanised. Today, the Gold Coast is one of the most famous tourist cities in Australia and it accommodates more than ten million visitors annually.In the wider Australian context, 85% of the population lives within 50 km of the beach, evidencing popular lifestyle cultural preferences of many Australians. The Gold Coast Transformed, From Wilderness to Urban Ecosystem. Being a Gold Coast Tourism partner, we strive to help you make well-informed choices without burning a hole in your pocket. There is, however, no overriding jurisdiction covering planning law enforcement in maritime areas and, this situation has led to many social and environmental conflicts. One thing that did emerge from the 1998 Gold Coast Harbour Study was that the Gold Coast City Council agreed that no development (private or commercial) would occur on the remnant of public land at the northern end of the Southport Spit and that the open space character of the area would be retained and enhanced (Gold Coast City Council, 2003). The Gold Coast is one of Australia's most iconic coastal cities. Mobilities on the Gold Coast, Australia: implications for destination governance and sustainable tourism, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21: 4, 557-579. This includes tramping, anchoring, cruising and diving. Griffin, G. (2006). Using observed market expenditure to estimate the value of recreational surfing to the Gold Coast, Australia, Proceedings from the Queensland Coastal Conference. This type of development and land use contravenes the newly legislated Gold Coast planning instrument, The City Plan (2015), which prohibits residential land use and has a building high restriction of three floors. To this end, it is interesting to note the emergence of arguments in the spit conflict, which are now giving more weight to coastal conservation which only tentatively existed existed ten years ago. SUSTAINABILITY | Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games Local place meanings and values (of old players) are often subjugated and marginalised or erased. In fact, tourism accounts for more than 60% of all air travel. Today the city welcomes more than 12 million visitors annually (ABS, 2015). Yung, L., W.A. GCCM (2006). Gold Coast City Council (2010). Implemented as part of Our Beaches Strategy, the dune restoration works program aims to: The program is delivered over 14 ocean beaches and 7 foreshore areas within The Broadwater. In order to maintain the cultural as well as economic benefits of coastal amenities, Gold Coast beach nourishment projects have been undertaken since the mid-1970s. By July 2006 (just ten months into the feasibility studies) the SOSA had collected over 20,000 signatures as part of their petition to the state government to stop development on the Spit (SOSA d). Place values participate to city branding (come to surf to Kirra, whale season!, etc.). The Economic Impacts of Tourism on the Gold Coast The result is a risky place that holds little meaning for local people and fails to capture and hold the interest of tourists. The government perceived the Spit to be, and valued the site as, a space of economic opportunity. They also form a key defence against erosion, protecting people, properties and infrastructure. Despites this shift in national government approach to coastal management, conflicts still regularly make the headlines regarding the management and development of coastal areas in Australia. We suggest that in this statement the Deputy Premier was casting local place attachment as an obstacle in the development process. For many coastal cities such as the City of Gold Coast, the challenge is compounded, as activities in the coastal zone (land and water) significantly contribute to creating a sense of place. This is not surprising within the Australian national context as the federal government have historically left the responsibility of coastal zones to local government authorities to care for, manage and maintain. She said: it would be great if [the Spit] was less environmentally sensitive, if people had less emotional attachment to it that would make it a lot easier. (Courier Mail, 2006). However it was not until 1997 that the Labor Government set up the Gold Coast Harbours Authority to take a more local approach to the management of the Broadwater and Spit environs. Anyway, air pollution from tourist transportation has impacts on a global level, especially from CO2 emissions related to transportation energy use. SUSTAINABILITY. Did you find this article helpful? Changing nature of the Spit and Broadwater, Information sheet 7, URL: . Greider, T. and Garkovich, L. (1994). Artistic impression of the Cruise Ship Terminal, Credits: extracted from the Gold Coast Integrated Resort Master plan Report, p60. , 9-11 February, Massey University, Wellington. No matter which perspective is more accurate, the fact remains that this conflict of interests resulted in Aborigines dying in large numbers, some shot by Native Police, some poisoned by settlers (Moore, 1990). Yet by early 2014, the Newman State Government nominated the ASF China Consortium developer to build a cruise ship terminal in the vicinity of the Spit. Each beach area has a Dune Restoration Works Action Plan. Caring for our dunes is a collaborative effort between Council and beach users.
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